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인천상륙작전과 북한군의 대응 112 군사연구 제130집 (Abstract) The Inchoen Landing Operation and Response of North Korean People's Army - Kim Gwang Soo - The Inchon Landing Operation commanded by General MacArthur in the Korean War has drawn attentions from many scholars as a milestone that had changed the course of war. It has been pointed out that its success was attributed to MacArthur's achievement of the impeccable surprise attack by deceiving the enemy and concealing the operational plan. Whether North Korea had foreseen the Incheon Landing Operation has yet been confirmed until concerned documents of North Korea were examined. Myeng Rim Park was the first to discover among archives seized by the United Nations (UN) operational documents of North Korean Forces stationed in Incheon area and to investigate them. Based on new information obtained from his research, he asserts "the Incheon Landing Operation was never a surprise attack", for North Korean Forces had known in advance that Incheon would be the landing location and taken measures to prepare for the possible attack. Precisely for these reasons, he explains, it took 13 days for the UN Forces to capture Seoul even after they had landed at Incheon. This paper intends to study how accurate the North Korean prediction had been on the Incheon Landing Operation before its execution and in what ways North Korea planned to respond to this new development after the UN landing by comprehensively investigating North Korean and Soviet records around the time of the Incheon Landing Operation. Close reconstruction of North Korean response around the Incheon Landing results in the following conclusions: First, before the Incheon Landing Operation North Korea had taken measures to reinforce the coastal defense against the possibility of the UN Forces landing at the rear of the occupied